Category: climate change
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Bioextractive removal of nitrogen by oysters in Great Bay-Piscataqua river estuary, New Hampshire, USA New research on the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) show that both farmed and wild oyster filter nitrogen from the water, processing the element in their shells and soft tissues and helping reducing cases of eutrophication. In a recent paper, scientists showed that oysters and other shellfish can help complement land-based nutrient management practices, such as upgrades to wastewater treatment plants around New Hampshire’s Great Bay estuary to reduce nitrogen output.
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Biological Sciences, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Ecosystem Services, Sustainable Aquaculture | Resource |
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Cophylogeny and convergence shape evolution in sponge–microbe symbioses Sponges in coral reefs are among the earliest animals on the planet. Research from UNH examines coral reef ecosystems with a novel approach to understanding the complex evolution of sponges and the microbes that live in symbiosis with them.
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Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Ecosystem Services, Genetics and Genomics, Molecular Biology | Resource |
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Crop rotational complexity affects plant-soil nitrogen cycling during water deficit When it comes to crop rotations, complexity is key to boosting levels of nitrogen—a soil nutrient that is critical to crop production. That's according to new research involving NHAES Station scientist and professor of natural resources and the environment Stuart Grandy.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Farm Management, Molecular Biology, Soil Management | Resource |
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Diversification of the syrup industry: Strategies for climate resilience and economic vitality The maple syrup industry is critical to sustaining vibrant local economies as well as the New England region’s cultural identity, social fabric and environment. This research by New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station scientists examines opportunities of diversifying sugarbushes and producing novel syrups from birch, beech and other species.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Forest Management | Resource |
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Dominance of diffusive methane emissions from lowland headwater streams promotes oxidation and isotopic enrichment Different aquatic bodies play different roles in the release of methane gas. Wetlands, lakes, and reservoirs all play large roles in releasing methane directly into the atmosphere. Rivers and streams weren’t historically viewed as important pieces of the global methane cycle. However, recent research from COLSA and NHAES shows that streams are dynamic places of methane production and oxidation.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Water Management | Resource |
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Examining beech bark disease: Fungal pathogens and bark responses Beech bark disease (BBD) spreads via invasive scale insects & fungal pathogens, killing beech trees. Despite research, the role of the two fungal pathogens in BBD progression and the impact of insect attack on beech bark is not fully understood. This research—conducted by scientists from the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station at the University of New Hampshire—examined the distribution of BBD fungal pathogens and beech bark's response to insect and pathogen attack.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Forest Management | Resource |
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Extreme rainstorms drive exceptional organic carbon export from forested humid-tropical rivers in Puerto Rico Tropical rivers that flow directly to oceans play an important role in capturing, storing, and preventing organic carbon from converting to carbon dioxide, according to research co-authored by Bill McDowell, professor of Natural Resources and the Environment at COLSA.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services | Resource |
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How resilient are New Hampshire's forest ecosystems and tree species to drought? The Northeast is facing warmer, wetter and more variable weather, including droughts. This research by New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station scientists assesses the sensitivity and response of dominant tree species (red oak and white pine to drought, providing the first physiological and soil moisture thresholds and recovery abilities.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Forest Management | Resource |
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Limited evidence for parallel evolution among desert-adapted peromyscus deer mice Researchers at the University of New Hampshire found that to live in hotter more desert-like surroundings, and exist without water, there is more than one genetic mechanism allowing animals to adapt.
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Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Genetics and Genomics | Resource |
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Milk production and methane emissions in organic cows that graze on forage canola during the fall Focus group interviews and surveys indicate that profitable strategies to maximize forage use present a challenge to the majority of organic dairy farmers. Moreover, there's a lack of knowledge about the best annual species and grazing rotations that can lead to higher milk production and farm profitability. Canola as a forage crop is an excellent candidate to test in grazing studies with lactating dairy cows because it helps reduce methane emissions, has a high nutritional value, and is easily digested.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Seed size variability has implications for achieving cover cropping goals Best management practices for cover crop seeding rates are not well-developed. In a commentary published in Agricultural & Environmental Letters, researchers with NHAES recently reported on a way to improve research and recommendations for cover crop seeding rates by accounting for seed size. Typically, cover crop seeding rate recommendations are provided in pounds per acre, and while these recommendations allow farmers to easily calculate seed orders based on their acreage, differences in seed sizes mean that producers may not actually see as many cover crop plants emerge as they had expected.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Resilient Agriculture, Soil Management | Resource |
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Silvopasture: A climate-friendly alternative to conventional open pasture practices According to research at the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station at the University of New Hampshire, conversion to silvopasture in the northeastern U.S. reduces greenhouse gas emissions when compared with open pasture and lowers soil greenhouse gas emissions by 35-50 percent. Silvopasture practices also improves soil water dynamics and tree growth rates.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Farm Management | Resource |
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The Lamprey River Hydrological Observatory: Suburbanization and changing seasonality or 20-plus years, the Lamprey River Hydrological Observatory (LRHO) has been collecting data on the chemistry and hydrology of the 212-square-mile Lamprey River watershed, providing a baseline of information on river/stream discharge, levels of nitrogen and greenhouse gases (including methane and nitrous oxide), and dissolved organic matter to compare with future climate change-based measurements and to offer a historic look at how a developing landscape and warming climate have affected the river to date.
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Natural Resources and the Environment, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science, Water Management | Resource |
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The transition from stochastic to deterministic bacterial community assembly during permafrost thaw succession Scientists from the University of New Hampshire's College of Life Sciences and Agriculture are identifying key ecological factors to better understand and predict the implications of the thawing Arctic.
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Biological Sciences, Funded Proposals, Natural Resources and the Environment, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Climate Science | Resource |
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Trophic phenotypes as eco-evolutionary mediators of resilience to climate change As climate warms, lake ecosystems are changing. A challenge is identifying which animals and systems are most vulnerable, or conversely most resilient, to continued climate change. This study investigates four of these charr-bearing lakes in Maine to determine how their habitat and food webs differ, and how this relates to specific Arctic charr behaviors and feeding traits.
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Biological Sciences, Funded Proposals | Climate Science, Ecosystem Services, Genetics and Genomics | Resource |