INSPIRED Aquaculture Report, 2024

NHAES INSPIRED Aquaculture Report, Fall 2024

The image of the NH Agricultural Experiment Station's inspired aquaculture issue shows a woman holding up a net of oysters.

New Hampshire’s aquaculture industry is experiencing a revival, powered by cutting-edge research and growing consumer demand for sustainable seafood. The sector has become increasingly important to the region, contributing over $5.5 million to the state’s economy and supporting more than 250 jobs. New Hampshire's oyster farms, covering more than 80 acres of water in Great Bay and Hampton-Seabrook estuaries, are key to this growth. As the industry expands, producers are exploring the cultivation of other shellfish species and finfish. The INSPIRED Aquaculture report highlights research on species management, water quality, and environmental monitoring. From using lumpfish as biocontrol for sea lice in trout farms to studying the impacts of climate change on aquatic species, researchers are ensuring the industry's resilience and growth.

The NH Agricultural Experiment Station continues its mission of advancing science to protect and sustain New Hampshire’s aquatic ecosystems and food systems. By integrating modern technologies, data-driven insights, and contributions from the state's aquaculture producers, Station scientists are building sustainable management practices that balance productivity with environmental stewardship. Their research focuses on addressing the long-term challenges of climate change, pollution, and ecosystem health. Through these efforts, they are helping ensure that aquaculture operations remain productive, safe for consumers, and supportive of the region’s food security and environmental goals.

Read and download the full INSPIRED Aquaculture research report, and sign up for the NHAES newsletter to stay informed about future editions of the INSPIRED research series.

Research Inside

As the Gulf of Maine warms, lumpfish populations have shifted northeast, with increasing presence since 1980. This study highlights lumpfish’s role as a sustainable biocontrol for sea lice in aquaculture and underscores the need for monitoring and management to support fisheries and adapt to climate-driven changes.

Mating blue crabs were documented in Great Bay Estuary for the first time in 2022, signaling a northward habitat expansion due to climate change. Their presence may threaten oysters and eelgrass, disrupting ecosystems and aquaculture.

This study tracked Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Great Bay oysters, identifying key factors like pH, temperature, and plankton communities influencing its prevalence. Pathogenic strains have declined since 2017, and invasive Pacific strains remain absent in New Hampshire.

This study found elevated levels of MSX and Dermo pathogens in Great Bay Estuary waters, with seasonal peaks near oyster habitats. Resistant oyster strains reduced pathogen impacts, and oyster larvae were identified as potential disease vectors.

This study tested lumpfish as a sustainable biocontrol for sea lice in steelhead trout farms. Lumpfish reduced lice loads by 37%, with kelp hides enhancing their effectiveness. Findings highlight lumpfish as a viable alternative to chemical treatments, supporting sustainable aquaculture practices in the rapidly growing steelhead trout industry.

UNH researchers developed oyster biosensors to monitor health and behavior in real time. These sensors revealed how environmental stressors like high temperatures and predator cues from invasive green crabs impact oyster gaping behavior and survival.

UNH researchers established baseline microplastic pollution levels in Great Bay, Hampton-Seabrook, and Great Marsh estuaries. Over 98% of samples contained microplastics, with concentrations highest in Hampton-Seabrook.

Farmed oysters in New Hampshire's Great Bay can reduce nitrogen and carbon levels, aiding water quality and mitigating eutrophication. The study shows nutrient-rich sites and seasonal changes impact oysters' nutrient absorption.

Demographic research in New England’s aquaculture sector reveals significant gender inequities, with nearly 50% of women and nonbinary farmers reporting discrimination. Women oyster farmers often engage in all stages of production to mitigate gendered barriers.

Oyster farm gear in New Hampshire's Great Bay supports diverse seaweed communities, offering ecological benefits like nutrient cycling and habitat creation. Gear habitats had higher seaweed biomass than natural mudflats, with over 80% non-native species.