Category: Inspired Dairy edition
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Alfalfa-grass or red clover-grass: Effects on milk production, composition, nitrogen, and energy utilization Research has shown that dairy cows fed legume silages consumed more dry matter (DM) and produced more milk than those receiving grass silages. However, across northeastern U.S. dairies, legumes only contributed to 26% of grazed forage. Research to improve legume persistence while closing knowledge gaps about which legume-grass mixtures are best suitable for producing profitable milk (i.e., higher butterfat and protein) is needed to make organic and conventional dairies in New England more competitive in the long run.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Effect of selisseo on selenium in milk and in blood for mid- and late-lactation holstein cows Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral that, if deficient in soil, will be deficient in diets fed to dairy cows. Adequate Se is important for animal health to support immune functions and efficiently fight oxidative stress and pathogens. Standard farm practice is to supplement Se in the diet either in mineral form (sodium selenite) or organic forms. This study compared the bio-efficacy of two organic Se sources in mid-lactating dairy cows based on the Se transfer into plasma and milk.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Effects of incremental amounts of red seaweed on milk production, composition and methane emissions Enteric fermentation (fermentation taking place in the digestive system of animals) by ruminants is the largest source of methane emissions in the US (approximately 25% of total methane emissions). Recently, algae-based feeds have gained attention because they may be able to not only suppress methane emissions, but also to improve animal feed efficiency. Our objective was to evaluate how incremental increases of the seaweed Chondrus crispus affects milk and methane production in organic dairy cows.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Feeding nicotinic acid: Effects on pre-partum cow health, colostrum and calf performance Colostrum is essential for calf health from the increase in protein content (antibodies and growth factors). However, about 60% of the colostrum produced in the United States fails to meet quality standards. Since nicotinic acid increases blood flow and potentially rumen bacteria growth, adding this to the diet of dry cows could enhance the quality of colostrum for calves. This research examines that hypothesis.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Feeding sodium butyrate to post-weaned replacement heifers Raising replacement heifers is one of the largest expenses on the farm. Thus, it is important to closely manage young-stock with adequate nutrition to ensure those animals reach developmental maturity. Performance can be affected through diet manipulation, such as changing the volatile fatty acid proportions in the rumen. Scientists found that sodium butyrate is an adequate replacement for monensin in the diets of post-weaned heifers for both growth and reduction in coccidiosis. Sodium butyrate could potentially be fed from birth to first calving for increased nutrient use, growth and improved health.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Feeding wet brewers' grain to heifers It has been a common practice to feed wet brewers' grains to dairy cows, but no data were available indicating how to feed it to post-weaned heifers. Wet brewers' grains have a propensity to spoil. This research determined how preservation can be increased and whether there are positive or negative effects on performance as compared to heifers fed a conventional diet.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Peer Reviewed Journal Articles | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Impact of direct-fed enzymes and microbials on the health and performance of dairy cows Dairy farmers have been using direct-fed microbials (DFMs) for several years in the feeding of dairy cattle. Results include increased feed intake, reduced incidence of ketosis and increased blood antibody concentrations. Supplementing feed with certain enzymes has been shown to increase fiber digestibility, resulting in greater rumen function through enhanced volatile fatty acid production. However, few studies consider the effect of the enzymes cellulases and amylases—with bacteria and yeast supplementation—on colostrum quality and yield.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Is increasing heifer calves without using sexed-semen possible? Having adequate numbers of heifer calves to replace cows that are culled is essential for the continual success of any dairy farm. There has been much animal research examining the likelihood of female or male offspring. Sexed-semen has resulted in many heifer calves on dairy farms. Is there a way in which dairy producers can increase the number of heifers born without using it?
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Milk production and methane emissions in organic cows that graze on forage canola during the fall Focus group interviews and surveys indicate that profitable strategies to maximize forage use present a challenge to the majority of organic dairy farmers. Moreover, there's a lack of knowledge about the best annual species and grazing rotations that can lead to higher milk production and farm profitability. Canola as a forage crop is an excellent candidate to test in grazing studies with lactating dairy cows because it helps reduce methane emissions, has a high nutritional value, and is easily digested.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Refining plasma dose response techniques for bioavailability of rumen protected amino acids Lysine (Lys) and methionine (Met) are the two most limiting amino acids (AAs) in typical North American dairy diets (NRC, 2001). Several rumen-protected Lys (RP-Lys) and rumen-protected methionine (RP-Met) feed supplements are available in the marketplace for increasing concentrations of Lys and Met in metabolizable protein. However, successful use of rumen protected AA products requires accurate and reliable estimates of AA bioavailability because RP-AA nutrients are expensive. This study refines the plasma-free dose response technique to get reliable estimates of relative bioavailability of RP-AA supplements.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Revisiting perennial ryegrass as a forage species in New Hampshire Certain cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) can provide some of the highest quality forage in addition to being productive and easy to establish. While these qualities make it an attractive prospect for U.S. forage producers, its susceptibility to winter-kill has prevented it from being fully integrated into pastures in the Northeast. NHAES researchers revisited research conducted several years ago at UNH to evaluate what traits contributed to ryegrass productivity and longevity and to better assess whether perennial ryegrass is a good choice for N.H. producers.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Supplemental mycotoxin deactivator: Effects on lactation performance and rumen parameters Mycotoxins are toxic compounds naturally produced by certain types of molds and pose a serious risk to both humans and animals. Heat, humidity, and rainfall contribute to the growth and spread of mycotoxins. This makes managing and removing mycotoxins from animal feeds difficult. When feed is high in mycotoxin contamination, the overall health and production of dairy cattle are adversely impacted. Two trials were conducted to measure the effect of a mycotoxin deactivator binder, which can negate the toxic effects on lactating dairy cattle when fed a diet high in mycotoxin contamination.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |
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Using an NSAID in newborn calves: Effects on IgG uptake and pre-weaning calf performance Calving can be a stressful time, especially in calves that experience a difficult birth. When a calf experiences dystocia due to stress and potential hypoxia, immunoglobulin (Ig) absorption can be compromised. The NSAID meloxicam has been shown to improve calf vigor, milk intake, weight gain and health due to its ability to relieve the impacts of diarrhea, inflammation, and stress. This study evaluated adding meloxicam to a colostrum-based colostrum replacer and dosing them separately.
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Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station | Resource Category | College of Life Sciences and Agriculture | Dairy Science, Farm Management | Resource |